Background of the Study
Health insurance is a critical mechanism for improving healthcare accessibility and financial protection for individuals and families. In Nigeria, the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) was introduced to provide affordable healthcare services to citizens, but its coverage remains low, especially in rural and underserved areas. Sokoto State has made efforts to implement health insurance policies through the state health insurance scheme (SSHIS), aiming to extend coverage to informal sector workers and vulnerable populations.
However, despite the availability of health insurance programs, enrollment rates remain low due to inadequate public awareness, misconceptions, and distrust in government initiatives. Many residents, particularly in rural areas, lack knowledge about the benefits, registration processes, and coverage scope of health insurance policies. Additionally, cultural beliefs, economic constraints, and literacy levels influence the willingness of people to participate in health insurance schemes.
This study seeks to examine the level of public awareness of health insurance policies in Sokoto State, assess the factors influencing awareness levels, and explore ways to enhance public understanding and participation in health insurance schemes.
Statement of the Problem
Despite government efforts to improve healthcare financing through health insurance schemes, public awareness and enrollment remain low in Sokoto State. Many individuals continue to rely on out-of-pocket expenditures for medical care, increasing their financial vulnerability during health emergencies. Studies indicate that a lack of information, misconceptions about health insurance, and administrative bottlenecks contribute to low participation in health insurance schemes.
If public awareness of health insurance policies is not improved, healthcare access will remain limited, and many residents will continue to face financial hardship when seeking medical treatment. Addressing this issue is critical to ensuring the success of health insurance programs and achieving universal health coverage in Sokoto State.
This study will assess the extent of public awareness of health insurance policies in Sokoto State and propose strategies to enhance knowledge and participation.
Objectives of the Study
To assess the level of public awareness of health insurance policies in Sokoto State.
To identify factors affecting awareness and participation in health insurance schemes.
To recommend strategies for improving public understanding and uptake of health insurance policies.
Research Questions
What is the level of public awareness of health insurance policies in Sokoto State?
What are the key factors influencing awareness and participation in health insurance schemes?
What strategies can be adopted to improve public awareness and enrollment in health insurance programs?
Research Hypotheses
Public awareness of health insurance policies in Sokoto State is low.
Socioeconomic and cultural factors significantly influence participation in health insurance schemes.
Increasing public education and government outreach programs will enhance health insurance enrollment.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on residents of Sokoto State, including both urban and rural communities, to assess their awareness of health insurance policies. Data will be collected through surveys and interviews with healthcare providers, policymakers, and residents. Limitations may include reluctance from respondents to provide accurate information due to distrust in government programs.
Definitions of Terms
Health Insurance: A system of financing healthcare services where individuals pay premiums to receive medical coverage.
National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS): A government program designed to provide affordable healthcare to Nigerians.
Public Awareness: The level of knowledge and understanding that people have about a particular issue.
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